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The
Townships and Cape Flats
Seeking
racial segregation, apartheid policies disrupted all non-white population
groups, distorted both rural and urban development and ensured hopeless
overcrowding. Few houses were built.
Sprawling satellite
camps of seemingly endless shanties - makeshift structures of corrugated
iron and other materials - provide little more than a roof and some
shelter. Today, as we shall see, squatter settlements are seeking
their own solutions as an economic necessity.
Against
all odds, township life prevails, in all its nuances. Langa is Cape
Town*'s oldest formal black township. We visit the children
at the Chris Hani Literacy School. During Stage One of the relocation
of coloured people forcibly removed from District Six, people were
moved to the formal townships of Bontheuwel and Heideveld.
We drive through the
well-known areas of Guguletu, Nyanga and Crossroads. The sheer scale
of the informal housing problem becomes evident. Mitchell's Plain
is where many coloured people removed from District Six ("Stage
2") were moved to. At present it is home to ±350 000
people.
The Samora Machel Housing Development Scheme offers a first hand
view of the government's Reconstruction and Development Program
(RDP). We witness the work in progress as hundreds of squatters,
with the help of state grants, are setting about building their
own brick homes. We also visit the scheme's "container school".
Robben Island
Formerly
a political prison and a leper colony before that, this historic
landmark was recently established as a museum. Experience the conditions
of incarceration - step inside Nelson Mandela's maximum security
prison cell (Cell 5) and see the lime quarries. In the one, hard
labour was served, in the other prisoners discussed strategy, freedom
and the future.
Later, many would develop
eye problems as a result of the sun's reflection off the lime surfaces.
This well-preserved landmark is a monument to the triumph of freedom,
dignity and determination over humiliation and oppression (visitors'
movements are restricted by regulation to the bus and the group's
guide).
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